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Seasonal effects of strategic stubble treatments on wheat, barley and oats in CWFS districts; Year 1 of a 5 year investigation

2013
CC BY 4.0

Research organisatons
Funding source
Central West Farming Systems Grains Research and Development Corporation
<abbr title='Grains Research and Development Corporation'>GRDC</abbr>

Trial details

Researcher(s) John Small (CWFS)
Year(s) 2013
Contributor Central West Farming Systems
Trial location(s) Euabalong, NSW
Rankins Springs, NSW
Tottenham, NSW
Tullamore, NSW
Weethalle, NSW
Wirrinya, NSW
Seasonal effects of strategic stubble treatments on wheat, barley and oats in CWFS districts; Year 1 of a 5 year investigation locations
Aims
  • To investigate the impact of different stubble treatments imposed towards the end of the fallow have on the yield of wheat, barley and oats.
  • To evaluate any varietal responses within crop species to the impact of the different stubble treatments.
Key messages
  • Stubble treatments involving late burning or cultivation resulted in significantly different yields in wheat, barley and oats at 4 of 6 trials conducted at Rankins Springs, Weethalle, Wirrinya, Tottenham, Tullamore and Euabalong during 2013. The yield effects were not consistent and these initial trials could not be used to predict response.
  • Crop establishment was not affected by stubble or tillage treatment at five of the six sites. At Rankins Springs, however, establishment was 15% higher in the burnt stubble than in the standing stubble treatment.
  • Visual differences in early growth could be observed between stubble treatments. Biomass in mid-August was lower with standing stubble than after burning at three sites (Weethalle, Tottenham and Tullamore) but not at Wirrinya and Euabalong.
  • Variety rankings were not significantly affected by stubble treatments. The best option in terms of yield was to simply grow the variety with the highest yield potential for the sowing window.
Lead research organisation Grains Research and Development Corporation
Host research organisation N/A
Trial funding source GRDC CWF00018
Related program Maintaining profitable farming systems with retained stubble
Acknowledgments

CWFS would like to acknowledge the support provided by the co-operating farmers, without their in-kind support the trials would never happened. The support provided by AgGrow Agronomy and Research at Rankins Springs site was well beyond any simple contractual arrangement between themselves and CWFS. Matt McRae, Walkers Ag N Vet, Forbes
Other trial partners Not specified
Download the trial report to view additional trial information

Method

Crop types Cereal (Grain): Barley Forage: Oats Cereal (Grain): Wheat
Treatment type(s)
  • Crop: Variety
  • Stubble: Management
Trial type Experimental
Trial design Blocked

Euabalong 2013 Barley

Sow rate or Target density 40kg/ha
Sow date 15 May 2013
Harvest date 7 November 2013
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication 3
Fertiliser

13/5/13: 63kg/ha MAP 22/7/13: 60kg/ha Urea topdressed
Soil amelioration

5/4/13: Stubble treatments imposed
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Euabalong 2013 Oats

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Euabalong 2013 Wheat

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Rankins Springs 2013 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Rankins Springs 2013 Oats

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Rankins Springs 2013 Wheat

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Tottenham 2013 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Tottenham 2013 Oats

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Tottenham 2013 Wheat

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Tullamore 2013 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Tullamore 2013 Oats

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Tullamore 2013 Wheat

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Weethalle 2013 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Weethalle 2013 Oats

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Weethalle 2013 Wheat

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Wirrinya 2013 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Wirrinya 2013 Oats

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.

Wirrinya 2013 Wheat

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Other trial notes

Cultivation treatment imposed with offset discs There was no burnt treatment at this site. No soil tests were conducted but it is suspected that the site was very low in Nitrogen. Suspected trifluian damage to wheat and barley following heavy rain post sowing but pre-crop emergence. Oats were mown out and removed early October to simulate cutting for hay due to severe black oats infection.
Download the trial report to view additional method/treatment information
Trial source data and summary not available
Check the trial report PDF for trial results.
Observed trial site soil information
Trial site soil testing
Not specified
Soil conditions
Trial site Soil texture
Euabalong, NSW Light red sandy loam
Rankins Springs, NSW Not specified
Tottenham, NSW Not specified
Tullamore, NSW Not specified
Weethalle, NSW Not specified
Wirrinya, NSW Not specified
Derived trial site soil information
Australian Soil Classification Source: ASRIS
Trial site Soil order
Euabalong, NSW Kandosol
Rankins Springs, NSW Kandosol
Tottenham, NSW Vertosol
Tullamore, NSW Sodosol
Weethalle, NSW Kandosol
Wirrinya, NSW Sodosol
Soil Moisture Source: BOM/ANU
Average amount of water stored in the soil profile during the year, estimated by the OzWALD model-data fusion system.
Year Euabalong NSW Rankins Springs NSW Tottenham NSW Tullamore NSW Weethalle NSW Wirrinya NSW
2013 596.1mm542.5mm535.0mm613.0mm415.2mm119.6mm
2012 628.3mm591.6mm600.3mm641.0mm458.2mm157.5mm
2011 659.0mm613.4mm613.3mm646.3mm458.4mm170.5mm
2010 665.3mm629.8mm644.7mm656.3mm504.4mm207.7mm
2009 622.4mm554.6mm605.4mm629.7mm504.1mm176.2mm
2008 628.2mm551.2mm602.0mm636.9mm509.5mm186.1mm
2007 620.3mm497.0mm571.0mm621.6mm461.0mm164.2mm
2006 624.9mm551.0mm565.5mm611.7mm482.0mm164.9mm
2005 646.9mm597.0mm599.9mm648.1mm513.1mm187.4mm
2004 617.5mm557.5mm602.9mm626.8mm487.0mm177.9mm
2003 619.0mm543.5mm554.5mm613.4mm532.0mm184.0mm
2002 579.5mm512.4mm530.9mm595.3mm538.4mm136.8mm
2001 563.5mm546.4mm528.4mm607.8mm482.8mm256.5mm
2000 575.8mm487.9mm514.1mm547.0mm471.4mm373.9mm
National soil grid Source: CSIRO/TERN
NOTE: National Soil Grid data is aggregated information for background information on the wider area
Actual soil values can vary significantly in a small area and the trial soil tests are the most relevant data where available

Soil properties

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Climate

Derived climate information

No observed climate data available for this trial.
Derived climate data is determined from trial site location and national weather sources.

Euabalong NSW

Rankins Springs NSW

Tottenham NSW

Tullamore NSW

Weethalle NSW

Wirrinya NSW

Euabalong NSW

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Rankins Springs NSW

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Tottenham NSW

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Tullamore NSW

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Weethalle NSW

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Wirrinya NSW

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Some data on this site is sourced from the Bureau of Meteorology

SILO weather estimates sourced from https://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/silo/
Jeffrey, S.J., Carter, J.O., Moodie, K.B. and Beswick, A.R. (2001). Using spatial interpolation to construct a comprehensive archive of Australian climate data , Environmental Modelling and Software, Vol 16/4, pp 309-330. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00008-1.

Trial report and links

2013 trial report



Trial last modified: 26-11-2019 15:04pm AEST