Researcher(s) |
Jon Midwood (SFS) |
---|---|
Year(s) | 2014 |
Contributor | Southern Farming Systems |
Trial location(s) |
Temora, NSW
Conmurra, SA Wolseley, SA Rokeby, TAS Woodbury, TAS Inverleigh, VIC Murnong, VIC Westmere, VIC |
To determine what impact delaying the timing of N applications after growth stage 32 will have on wheat yield and protein, and whether there is an advantage of using solid or liquid fertiliser.
(i) The most significant outcome from these trials was the very strong effect of increasing grain protein. In nearly all cases, the higher rate of 50kgN/ha had a more significant effect, as did delaying the timing until GS55. (ii) There were no differences between product type and rate had a small effect. (iii) The higher rate of 50kgN/ha had a higher yield than 25kgN/ha. (iv) For the majority of sites, the key timing that influenced yield was GS39. This timing is slightly later than previously thought suitable for applying N for yield, with GS32 being the recognised standard. The data needs to be interpreted with the 2013 season in mind because a tighter finish in spring could mean plant uptake of late applied N would be limited.
Lead research organisation |
Southern Farming Systems |
---|---|
Host research organisation |
MacKillop Farm Management Group Southern Farming Systems |
Trial funding source | GRDC SFS000025 |
Related program |
Regional Cropping Solutions Network |
Acknowledgments | N/A |
Other trial partners | Farmlink, SFS and MFMG |
Crop type | Cereal (Grain): Wheat |
---|---|
Treatment type(s) |
|
Trial type | Experimental |
Trial design | Randomised,Replicated,Blocked |
Sow date | 15 May 2014 15 May 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 30 May 2014 30 May 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 11 June 2014 11 June 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 28 May 2014 28 May 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 17 May 2014 17 May 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 25 May 2014 25 May 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 3 June 2014 3 June 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
Sow date | 22 May 2014 22 May 2014 |
---|---|
Harvest date | Not specified |
Plot size | Not specified |
Plot replication | Not specified |
Fertiliser |
Two nitrogen rates were applied (25 kgN/ha and 50 kgN/ha) additional to what had been applied up to GS32. Three nitrogen products were used: UAN (42.5%N), granular urea (46$N) and liquid urea (24%N). UAN and liquid urea were applied through streaming nozzles at GS32 and GS39 and through fat fan nozzles at GS55 and GS70. Urea was top dressed. Application times were: GS32 (second node detectable); GS39 (flag leaf fully emerged); GS55 (head 50% emerged on main stem); and GS70 (grain watery ripe). |
Other trial notes |
Because of the late start to this project, a GS32 timing in New South Wales (NSW) was missed and even though two rates of N (25kg N/ha and 50kg N/ha) on top of previous treatments were applied, many sites were under fertilised in 2014. The project aim of getting at least some samples from each trial site (>12% protein) did not happen. |
# |
Treatment 1
|
Treatment 2
|
Treatment 3
|
Treatment 3 | Treatment 3 | Treatment 3 | Treatment 3 | Treatment 3 | Protein (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 14.6 | |||||||
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 14.5 | |||||||
3 | █ Urea - granular | 13.5 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 10.6 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 10.6 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 10.6 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 8 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 8 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 8.2 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 11.3 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 11.3 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 11.2 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 11.6 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 11.8 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 11.6 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 9.2 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 9.4 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 9.6 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 8.5 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 8.3 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 8.5 |
# | Protein (%) | |
---|---|---|
1 | █ UAN | 11.8 |
2 | █ Urea - liquid | 12 |
3 | █ Urea - granular | 11.5 |
SILO weather estimates sourced from https://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/silo/
Jeffrey, S.J., Carter, J.O., Moodie, K.B. and Beswick, A.R. (2001). Using spatial interpolation to construct a comprehensive archive of Australian climate data , Environmental Modelling and Software, Vol 16/4, pp 309-330. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00008-1.