Agronomy of early sown wheat: Density and nitrogen timing effects on productivity in Western Australia

2018

Research organisaton
Funding sources

Trial details

Researcher(s) Jeremy Curry (DPIRD)
Brenda Shackley (DPIRD)
Georgia Trainor (DPIRD)
Christine Zaicou-Kunesch (DPIRD)
Year(s) 2018
Contributor Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development WA
Trial location(s) Gibson, WA
Katanning, WA
Muresk, WA
Yuna, WA
Further information View external link
Agronomy of early sown wheat: Density and nitrogen timing effects on productivity in Western Australia locations
Aims

To test the following hypotheses:
1. Low plant density will not reduce yield of early April sown wheat
2. Delayed nitrogen application will not affect grain yield
3. Agronomy can offset yield reductions from grazing wheat sown in early April

Key messages
  • Four field trials in 2018 assessed the influence of plant density, nitrogen timing and grazing on yield and quality of three long maturing wheat varieties sown early April in Western Australia.
  • Based on yield, Forrest and Longsword wheat varieties are more suitable for the early sowing opportunities in April than growing a mid winter (ie EGA Wedgetail) earlier.
  • If there are establishment issues sowing in early April, there is generally no penalty if establishment is down to 50 plants/m². Some varietal specific responses were observed although these responses were also driven by nitrogen timing.
  • For early April sown crops, delaying nitrogen application until stem elongation improved yields at Esperance, Katanning and Yuna.
  • Grazing did reduce yields by up to 0.9t/ha depending on environment and variety choice, but could be achieved with minimal yield loss for some varieties and environments.
Lead research organisation Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development WA
Host research organisation N/A
Trial funding source GRDC DAW00249
Trial funding source DPIRD WA
Related program Tactical wheat agronomy for the west
Acknowledgments

The research undertaken as part of this project is possible by the significant contributions of growers through both trial cooperation and GRDC investment. The author would like to thank them for their continued support. The research is co-funded with DPRID. Sincere thanks to the Brooks family and Muresk Institute for the provision of land and irrigation water at Yuna and Muresk respectively. Also to the Geraldton, Northam, Katanning and Esperance Field Support Units for the management of trials and to Melanie Kupsch, Bruce Haig, Rod Bowey and Helen Cooper for technical support.


Other trial partners Not specified
Download the trial report to view additional trial information

Method

Crop type Cereal (Grain): Wheat
Treatment type(s)
  • Crop: Variety
  • Fertiliser: Timing
  • Sowing: Row Spacing
Trial type Experimental
Trial design Replicated

Gibson 2018

Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Other trial notes

References:

Curtin S. and Whissen B. (2014) Delaying wheat flowering time through grazing to avoid frost damage (Part 1: Time of cutting) Crop Updates 2014 Perth,

Hunt J., Fletcher A., Trevaskis B., Byrne J., Rheinheimer B., Devlin R., Jenkinson R. and Lamond M. (2015) Opportunities for early sowing of wheat in WA. Crop Updates 2015 Perth

Shackley B., Zaicou-Kunesch C., Curry J. and Nicol D. (2019) Which wheats for when? GRDC Research Updates 2019, Perth.

Katanning 2018

Sow date Between 10th and 13th April 2018
Harvest date Unknown
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Other trial notes

References:

Curtin S. and Whissen B. (2014) Delaying wheat flowering time through grazing to avoid frost damage (Part 1: Time of cutting) Crop Updates 2014 Perth,

Hunt J., Fletcher A., Trevaskis B., Byrne J., Rheinheimer B., Devlin R., Jenkinson R. and Lamond M. (2015) Opportunities for early sowing of wheat in WA. Crop Updates 2015 Perth

Shackley B., Zaicou-Kunesch C., Curry J. and Nicol D. (2019) Which wheats for when? GRDC Research Updates 2019, Perth.

Muresk 2018

Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Other trial notes

References:

Curtin S. and Whissen B. (2014) Delaying wheat flowering time through grazing to avoid frost damage (Part 1: Time of cutting) Crop Updates 2014 Perth,

Hunt J., Fletcher A., Trevaskis B., Byrne J., Rheinheimer B., Devlin R., Jenkinson R. and Lamond M. (2015) Opportunities for early sowing of wheat in WA. Crop Updates 2015 Perth

Shackley B., Zaicou-Kunesch C., Curry J. and Nicol D. (2019) Which wheats for when? GRDC Research Updates 2019, Perth.

Yuna 2018

Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Other trial notes

References:

Curtin S. and Whissen B. (2014) Delaying wheat flowering time through grazing to avoid frost damage (Part 1: Time of cutting) Crop Updates 2014 Perth,

Hunt J., Fletcher A., Trevaskis B., Byrne J., Rheinheimer B., Devlin R., Jenkinson R. and Lamond M. (2015) Opportunities for early sowing of wheat in WA. Crop Updates 2015 Perth

Shackley B., Zaicou-Kunesch C., Curry J. and Nicol D. (2019) Which wheats for when? GRDC Research Updates 2019, Perth.

Download the trial report to view additional method/treatment information
Trial source data and summary not available
Check the trial report PDF for trial results.
Observed trial site soil information
Trial site soil testing
Not specified
Soil conditions
Trial site Soil texture
Gibson, WA Not specified
Katanning, WA Not specified
Muresk, WA Not specified
Yuna, WA Not specified
Derived trial site soil information
Australian Soil Classification Source: ASRIS
Trial site Soil order
Gibson, WA Sodosol
Katanning, WA Sodosol
Muresk, WA Chromosol
Yuna, WA Kandosol
Soil Moisture Source: BOM/ANU
Average amount of water stored in the soil profile during the year, estimated by the OzWALD model-data fusion system.
Year Gibson WA Katanning WA Muresk WA Yuna WA
2018 315.0mm557.2mm116.7mm170.4mm
2017 342.9mm582.0mm125.7mm150.1mm
2016 335.4mm583.2mm90.7mm157.0mm
2015 311.5mm559.5mm81.2mm174.4mm
2014 284.1mm563.1mm92.0mm140.3mm
2013 343.1mm578.9mm120.7mm135.8mm
2012 337.8mm577.8mm106.7mm133.9mm
2011 302.3mm583.6mm85.1mm212.4mm
2010 298.6mm549.3mm70.2mm141.4mm
2009 344.3mm575.5mm137.1mm146.0mm
2008 305.3mm575.3mm127.6mm181.0mm
2007 321.0mm560.7mm123.6mm124.6mm
2006 270.3mm561.6mm101.7mm151.2mm
2005 289.1mm587.0mm74.9mm158.0mm
2004 308.0mm566.2mm76.8mm146.4mm
2003 320.6mm569.0mm80.2mm146.1mm
2002 261.8mm567.3mm46.3mm137.3mm
2001 267.8mm544.9mm71.4mm127.2mm
2000 320.7mm561.4mm173.2mm165.4mm
National soil grid Source: CSIRO/TERN
NOTE: National Soil Grid data is aggregated information for background information on the wider area
Actual soil values can vary significantly in a small area and the trial soil tests are the most relevant data where available

Soil properties

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Climate

Derived climate information

No observed climate data available for this trial.
Derived climate data is determined from trial site location and national weather sources.

Gibson WA

Katanning WA

Muresk WA

Yuna WA

Gibson WA

NOTE: Exact trial site locality unknown - Climate data may not be accurate
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Katanning WA

NOTE: Exact trial site locality unknown - Climate data may not be accurate
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Muresk WA

NOTE: Exact trial site locality unknown - Climate data may not be accurate
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Yuna WA

NOTE: Exact trial site locality unknown - Climate data may not be accurate
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Some data on this site is sourced from the Bureau of Meteorology

SILO weather estimates sourced from https://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/silo/
Jeffrey, S.J., Carter, J.O., Moodie, K.B. and Beswick, A.R. (2001). Using spatial interpolation to construct a comprehensive archive of Australian climate data , Environmental Modelling and Software, Vol 16/4, pp 309-330. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00008-1.

Trial report and links

2018 trial report



Trial last modified: 20-12-2022 09:49am AEST