65 kg/ha DAP (18:20:0:0) on 14 May. Five treatments that had not had any legume break phase (2x continuous wheat, vetch/oats mix followed by wheat, oats then canola and canola then oats) in the previous two years also received 50 kg/ha of urea at sowing to compensate for any nitrogen deficiency.

One month post-sowing the Kord plots were sprayed with Intervix @ 0.7 L/ha. The entire trial was sprayed for broadleaf weeds with MCPA+ diflufenican @ 0.75 L/ha on 4 July and any treatment that had had a medic break phase received an additional herbicide application the following day of clopyralid 0.08 L/ha to target volunteer medic. Seven treatments (Angel medic/wheat, oats/canola, oats/peas, Jaguar medic/wheat, canola/peas, peas/wheat and peas+canola/wheat) with high levels of grassy weeds were subsequently sprayed with grass selective cloqintocet-mexyl + pyroxsulam @ 0.5 L/ha. Grassy weeds were measured in three ways to gain a greater understanding of what was occurring within rotations. Prior to sowing soil was collected from the west end of each plot to assess weed seed banks. They were grown out in a shade house where emerged plants were counted and recorded. The counting process was repeated following three times of emergence 22 May, 30 May and 3 July. The second assessment was undertaken in the field plots on 20 August when grass species were counted and recorded for each plot, and thirdly on 25 September panicle counts of grass weeds were completed as a measure of potential seed bank for the 2014 season.