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Susceptibility of chickpea varieties to pod splitting after delayed harvest and impacts on grain yield

2013

Important note

The information contained in this publication is based on knowledge and understanding at the time of writing (July 2017) and may not be accurate, current or complete. The State of New South Wales (including the NSW Department of Industry), the author and the publisher take no responsibility, and will accept no liability, for the accuracy, currency, reliability or correctness of any information included in the document (including material provided by third parties). Readers should make their own inquiries and rely on their own advice when making decisions related to material contained in this publication. The product trade names in this publication are supplied on the understanding that no preference between equivalent products is intended and that the inclusion of a product name does not imply endorsement by the department over any equivalent product from another manufacturer.

Research organisation
Department of Primary Industries NSW

Trial details

Researcher(s) Steven Harden (NSW DPI)
Catherine Keir (NSW DPI)
Andrew Verrell (NSW DPI)
Jenny Wood (NSW DPI)
Year(s) 2013
Contributor Department of Primary Industries NSW
Trial location(s) Tamworth Agricultural Institute, NSW
Further information View external link
Susceptibility of chickpea varieties to pod splitting after delayed harvest and impacts on grain yield locations
Aims

To compare the effect of delayed harvest on pod splitting, grain weathering and yield for a range of commercial chickpea varieties. 

Key messages
  • Chickpea pods can split open when harvest is delayed (harvest date (HD)3 and HD4), allowing easy access for water and an easier exit for seeds that can drop to the ground before or during the harvest process.
  • HD3 averaged 28.6% split pods per plant (varietal range of 2.8–51.9%) while HD4 averaged 46.0% split pods per plant (varietal range of 30.0–64.9%).
  • Averaging across HD3 and HD4 for the desi chickpeas, Howzat had the least split pods (10.5%) and PBA SeamerA had the most (55.6%). For the kabuli chickpeas, Genesis™ 090 had the least split pods (22.5%) and Genesis™ KalkeeA was the worst affected (55.6%).
  • Loss of seed from split pods and pod abscission, seed shattering and reductions in grain weight caused from delaying harvest were shown to reduce grain yields by up to 44%.
  • A delay of six days with one rain event (44.2 mm) was enough to reduce the grain yield in chickpeas (averaged across varieties) by 2%, due to lower seed density.
  • Growers should aim to harvest chickpeas on time to avoid yield losses and grain quality penalties at receival.
     
Lead research organisation Department of Primary Industries NSW
Host research organisation N/A
Related program N/A
Acknowledgments

This experiment was funded by NSW DPI in the lead up to the project Eliminating grain defects in chickpeas (DAN00196; 2014–16), a collaborative pulse project, with joint investment by NSW DPI and GRDC. Technical assistance provided by Michael Nowland (NSW DPI) is gratefully acknowledged.
Other trial partners Not specified
Download the trial report to view additional trial information

Method

Crop type Grain Legume: Chickpeas
Treatment type(s)
  • Crop : Variety
Trial type Experimental
Trial design Replicated

Tamworth Agricultural Institute 2013

Sow rate or Target density 30 plants/m2
Sow date 22 June 2013
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Download the trial report to view additional method/treatment information

Download results

Trial results Delayed harvest reduces plot yields

# Treatment 1
Grain yield (t/ha) Yield loss (%)
1 █ HD1 4.04 0
2 █ HD2 4.16 0
3 █ HD3 3.09 23.52
4 █ HD4 2.28 43.65

Grain yield t/ha

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Yield loss %

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Trial results Delayed harvest reduced chickpea seed weight and yield

# Treatment 1
100 seed weight (g) Yield loss (%)
1 █ HD1 23.1 0
2 █ HD2 22.66 1.9
3 █ HD3 22.68 1.84
4 █ HD4 22.32 3.37

100 seed weight g

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Yield loss %

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Trial results Contribution of seed shattering and dropped seed to reduced plot yields as harvest is delayed

# Treatment 1
Seeds (number) Seed shatter (number) Seeds dropped (number)
1 █ HD1 3499 571 0
2 █ HD2 3669 549 0
3 █ HD3 2726 855 563
4 █ HD4 2041 768 1335

Seed shatter number

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Seeds number

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Seeds dropped number

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Trial results Percentage of pods (per plant) that are split

# Variety
 Treatment 1
Pod splitting (% per plant)
1 █ Howzat █ HD3 2.75
2 █ Kyabra █ HD3 34.78
3 █ Genesis 509 █ HD3 19.09
4 █ PBA Pistol █ HD3 36.92
5 █ PBA HatTrick █ HD3 37.01
6 █ PBA Seamer █ HD3 44.52
7 █ Gully █ HD3 37.21
8 █ Genesis 090 █ HD3 16.36
9 █ PBA Monarch █ HD3 51.89
10 █ Genesis Kalkee █ HD3 45.83
11 █ Howzat █ HD4 32.75
12 █ Kyabra █ HD4 36.65
13 █ Genesis 509 █ HD4 41.24
14 █ PBA Pistol █ HD4 47.08
15 █ PBA HatTrick █ HD4 55.33
16 █ PBA Seamer █ HD4 55.78
17 █ Gully █ HD4 57.28
18 █ Genesis 090 █ HD4 30.03
19 █ PBA Monarch █ HD4 40.41
20 █ Genesis Kalkee █ HD4 64.91

Pod splitting % per plant

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Trial results Delayed harvest increases shattered seeds in chickpea and reduced yield

# Treatment 1
Shattering (% at harvest) Yield loss (%)
1 █ HD1 16.32 0
2 █ HD2 14.97 0
3 █ HD3 31.34 31.34
4 █ HD4 37.64 37.64

Shattering % at harvest

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Yield loss %

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Trial results Contribution of seed shatter and loss due to pod splitting and abscission to reduced yield

# Treatment 1
Seeds (number) Seed shatter (number) Seeds lost from split pods (number) Seeds lost from abscission (number)
1 █ HD1 3499 571 0 0
2 █ HD2 3669 549 0 0
3 █ HD3 2726 855 506.75 56.31
4 █ HD4 2041 768 815.95 519.36

Seed shatter number

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Seeds number

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Seeds lost from abscission number

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Seeds lost from split pods number

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Observed trial site soil information
Trial site soil testing
Not specified
Soil conditions
Trial site Soil texture
Tamworth Agricultural Institute, NSW Not specified
Derived trial site soil information
Australian Soil Classification Source: ASRIS
Trial site Soil order
Tamworth Agricultural Institute, NSW Vertosol
Soil Moisture Source: BOM/ANU
Average amount of water stored in the soil profile during the year, estimated by the OzWALD model-data fusion system.
Year Tamworth Agricultural Institute NSW
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Climate

Derived climate information

No observed climate data available for this trial.
Derived climate data is determined from trial site location and national weather sources.

Tamworth Agricultural Institute NSW

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Some data on this site is sourced from the Bureau of Meteorology

SILO weather estimates sourced from https://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/silo/
Jeffrey, S.J., Carter, J.O., Moodie, K.B. and Beswick, A.R. (2001). Using spatial interpolation to construct a comprehensive archive of Australian climate data , Environmental Modelling and Software, Vol 16/4, pp 309-330. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00008-1.

Trial report and links

2013 trial report



Trial last modified: 19-10-2023 14:59pm AEST