The specific objectives of the mixed-species pasture trials were to:
• Optimise pasture production across different environments and production zones.
• Evaluate pasture options for their ability to produce biomass and feed quality during key periods of the season when feed gaps occur.
• Demonstrate weed and disease management benefits, nitrogen fixation, and soil water conservation, which may improve crop yield in following seasons.

• Cereals were the most reliable and productive crop type in 2025, with barley varieties leading both early and later (post-grazing) season dry matter.
• Brassicas offered high dry matter potential but were more variable; tillage radish and forage brassicas performed well early, while Puna chicory consistently had low dry matter.
• Ryegrass varieties produced moderate early feed but increased later in the season. Pasture legumes were low yielding early and variable later; vetches, medics, clover and trigonella improved with time but generally remained lower than cereals and ryegrass in 2025.
• Mixed-species treatments provided consistent dry matter, often matching the best single species crops, highlighting their value for providing feed across the season.
• Feed quality and other benefits from pasture legumes and mixed-species (e.g. residual water and soil nitrogen) are still being assessed for 2025.