Understanding return on investment of sub-surface water management options for waterlogged areas in the Western Region (Albany Port Zone)

2021 - 2022
CC BY 4.0

Research organisaton
Funding source

Trial details

Researcher(s) Philip Honey
Contact email philip.honey@scfarmers.org.au
Contact phone 0428768589
Year(s) 2021 - 2022
Contributor Stirlings to Coast Farmers
Trial location(s) Perillup/Forest Hill, WA
Tenterden, WA
Further information View external link
Understanding return on investment of sub-surface water management options for waterlogged areas in the Western Region (Albany Port Zone) locations
Aims

This trial aims to assist growers in making informed decisions around the construction of sub-surface drainage to reduce the impacts of waterlogging on crop production and farm profitability. By 2024, 45% of growers whose properties are affected by waterlogging will have a good understanding of the yield benefits and time to return on investment of installation of on-farm sub-surface drainage and ability to implement on-farm.

Key messages
  • Despite a challenging season in 2021 at the Tenterden trial site, the yield gain from implementing sub-surface drainage equated to a net 1-tonne per hectare yield benefit in barley, when compared against the yields obtained in the control (2.21 t/ha).
  • Sub-surface drainage is a waterlogging management solution that requires substantial upfront investment from growers, with fully “installed” costs estimated around $13,500 - $16,000/km.
Lead research organisation Stirlings to Coast Farmers
Host research organisation Stirlings to Coast Farmers
Trial funding source GRDC 9178044
Related program N/A
Acknowledgments

This project has been supported by the Grains and Research Development Corporation and associated project hosts; Preston Farms & Amerillup Pastoral Co.


Other trial partners Not specified
Download the trial report to view additional trial information

Method

Crop types Cereal (Grain): Barley Oilseed: Canola
Treatment type(s)
  • Adverse Effects Management: Waterlogging
  • Management systems: Precision Agriculture
Trial type Demonstration
Trial design Unreplicated

Perillup/Forest Hill 2021 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Perillup/Forest Hill 2021 Canola

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Perillup/Forest Hill 2022 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Perillup/Forest Hill 2022 Canola

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Tenterden 2021 Barley

Sow rate or Target density 100kg/ha
Sow date 11 May 2021 11th May 2021
Harvest date 15 December 2021 15th December 2021
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser

Sowing [11 May 2021]

  • 93kg/ha MAP + Zn Fert
  • 20kg/ha Muriate of Potash (MoP)
  • 7kg/ha Manganese Sulphate
  • 50L/ha UAN

N:K Application - 150kg/ha (70% Urea, 30% MoP) - [15 June 2021]

First Node Fungicide spray - 0.3kg/ha RapiSol Copper, 60L/ha UAN - [03 July 2021]

UAN topup - 40L/ha UAN [28 August 2021)

Insecticide

FMC Trojan & Chlorpyrifos 500EC - 5 September 2021

Fungicide

Aviator Xpro  - 3 July 2021

Bumper 625 - 5 September 2021

Soil amelioration

Nil Amelioration.

2L/ha SACOA SE14 soil wetters utilised.

Seed treatment Hombre Ultra
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Tenterden 2021 Canola

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Tenterden 2022 Barley

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Tenterden 2022 Canola

Sow rate or Target density Not specified
Sow date Not specified
Harvest date Not specified
Plot size Not specified
Plot replication Not specified
Fertiliser Not specified
Insecticide Not specified
Fungicide Not specified
Soil amelioration Not specified
Seed treatment Not specified
Other trial notes

Established in early 2021, the Stirlings to Coast Farmers (SCF) GRDC Sub-Surface Drainage project investigates methods of managing waterlogging within the Albany Port Zone through the use of slotted pipe buried at depth. Since installation, Stirlings to Coast Farmers have been monitoring the demonstration site to determine the effectiveness of slotted pipe in mitigating waterlogging, and also determine its effective potential return on investment to growers. A range of monitoring activities have been conducted throughout 2021 and are planned for the upcoming next two growing seasons, including plant counts, biomass analysis, soil and water analysis and yield analysis to harvest 2023. The results from the Stirlings to Coast Farmers Sub-Surface Drainage site will be collated and compared against those collected from the projects sister-site located in the Esperance Port Zone.

The 2021 growing season was a significant outlier compared to many other seasons, with high rainfall amounts recorded throughout the growing season, resulting in a 99-percentile rainfall year. Germination was patchy due to seasonal waterlogging experienced at the demonstration site, with significant levels of ryegrass found across the site. Between June – August, there were significant periods where the crop was experiencing the effects of waterlogging. Overall, we found that through the installation of sub-surface drainage, there was the potential benefit to yielding approximately 1-1.1 tonne to the hectare yield premium for the barley crop, compared to that experienced in the control section (2.1 t/ha)

Download the trial report to view additional method/treatment information

Download results

Trial results Yield Results - Tenterden

# Treatment 1
Growing season Crop type Grain yield (t/ha)
1 Undrained 2021 Barley 2.21
2 Drained - GRDC Main Location 2021 Barley 3.2
3 Drained - Second Location 2021 Barley 3.29
4 Non Waterlogging - Medium Performing Soil 2021 Barley 3.7
5 Non Waterlogging - High Performing Soil 2021 Barley 5.99
6 Undrained 2022 Canola 1.74
7 Drained - GRDC Main Location 2022 Canola 2.97
8 Drained - Second Location 2022 Canola 3.02
9 Non Waterlogging - High Performing Soil 2022 Canola 4.19

Grain yield t/ha


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Trial results Yield Results - Perillup

# Treatment 1
Growing season Crop type Grain yield (t/ha)
1 Control - Undrained, Waterlogging Prone 2022 Canola 3.74
2 Drained - 2022 Canola 5.2
3 Control - Upslope, non-waterlogging prone 2022 Canola 5.42

Grain yield t/ha


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Observed trial site soil information
Trial site soil testing
Site Depth Type pH EC P K N A OC CAT
Tenterden, WA 0 - 10cm 5.70 6.00 49.00 48.00 29.00 1.00 1.84
Tenterden, WA 0 - 10cm 5.00 0.16 26.00 25.00 28.00 1.00 1.41
Soil conditions
Trial site Soil texture
Perillup/Forest Hill, WA Not specified
Tenterden, WA Duplex (30cm sand)
Derived trial site soil information
Australian Soil Classification Source: ASRIS
Trial site Soil order
Perillup/Forest Hill, WA Chromosol
Tenterden, WA Sodosol
National soil grid Source: CSIRO/TERN
NOTE: National Soil Grid data is aggregated information for background information on the wider area
Actual soil values can vary significantly in a small area and the trial soil tests are the most relevant data where available

Soil properties

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Climate

Tenterden WA 2021


Observed climate information

Rainfall avg ann (mm) 480mm
Rainfall trial total (mm) 748mm
Rainfall trial gsr (mm) 527mm

Derived climate information

Perillup/Forest Hill WA

Tenterden WA

Perillup/Forest Hill WA

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Tenterden WA

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Some data on this site is sourced from the Bureau of Meteorology

SILO weather estimates sourced from https://www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/silo/
Jeffrey, S.J., Carter, J.O., Moodie, K.B. and Beswick, A.R. (2001). Using spatial interpolation to construct a comprehensive archive of Australian climate data , Environmental Modelling and Software, Vol 16/4, pp 309-330. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-8152(01)00008-1.

Trial report and links

Sub Surface Drainage Trial - Trials Review Booklet (2021)



Trial last modified: 17-05-2023 19:00pm AEST